In the refrigeration cycle, a pump transfers heat from a lower
temperature source into a higher temperature heat sink. Heat will
naturally flow in the opposite direction. This is the most common type
of air conditioning. A refrigerated air conditioning system works in
much the same way pumping heat out of the room in which it
The most common refrigeration cycle uses an electric motor to drive a
compressor. In an automobile the compressor is driven by a pulley on the
engine's crankshaft, with both using electric motors for air
circulation. Since evaporation occurs when heat is absorbed, and
condensation occurs when heat is released, air conditioners are designed
to use a compressor to cause pressure changes between two compartments,
and actively pump a coolant around an enclosed system. The cooling
liquid, or refrigerant is pumped into the cooled compartment (the
evaporator coil). Low pressure then causes the refrigerant to evaporate
taking the heat with it. In the other compartment (the condenser), the
refrigerant vapour is compressed and forced through another heat
exchange coil, condensed into a liquid which then rejects the heat
previously absorbed from the cooled space.
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